Signs that your dog is dying and how to care for your pet

We don’t like to think about death, whether it’s a fellow human or one of our beloved pets. But, unfortunately, this day must come, and you want to be prepared to provide all the love and comfort you can for your canine companion.

Recognizing signs that a dog may be nearing the end of life is tough but important for providing comfort and care. Based on some veterinary insights and common observations, here are some key signs to watch for and ways to care for a dying dog. Remember to always consult a qualified professional if you can.

This website is dedicated to Maximus, and I know personally that many have dealt with, are dealing with, or will eventually deal with a dying dog — whether it be due to age or illness. You are not alone in the pain.

11 signs your dog may be dying

1. Change in mental status or behavior: This can include a variety of changes (including some of the ones below). These include: anxiety, confusion, depression, increased agitation and/or aggression, and increased clinginess.
2. Lethargy and weakness: Extreme fatigue, reluctance to move, or difficulty standing/walking. They may sleep more or seem unresponsive.
3. Loss of appetite: Refusing food or water, even favorite treats, often due to organ failure or discomfort.
4. Difficulty breathing: Labored, shallow, or irregular breathing, sometimes with gasping or long pauses between breaths. This could be a sign of heart failure (CHF).
5. Incontinence: Loss of bladder or bowel control, as the body’s systems weaken.
6. Disinterest in surroundings: Lack of response to stimuli like their name, toys, other pets, or people, indicating mental or physical decline.
7. Pain or discomfort: Whining, restlessness, or changes in posture (e.g., hunching) may signal pain. Some dogs hide pain, so look for subtle signs like trembling.
8. Changes in body temperature: Feeling unusually cold (especially extremities) or overly warm due to failing thermoregulation.
9. Gum color changes: Pale, gray, or blue gums can indicate poor circulation or oxygenation, a serious sign.
10. Isolation: Seeking solitude or hiding, as some dogs instinctively withdraw when nearing death.
11. Unusual odors: A distinct, unpleasant odor from the mouth or body due to organ failure or toxin buildup.

How to care for a dying dog

1. Consult a veterinarian: Get a professional assessment to confirm the situation and discuss options like palliative care or euthanasia. Vets can prescribe pain relief (e.g., NSAIDs or opioids) to keep your dog comfortable.
2. Create a comfortable space: Provide a soft, warm bed in a quiet, familiar area. Use blankets to keep them warm if their body temperature drops.
3. Manage hydration and nutrition: Offer small amounts of water or broth via a syringe if they won’t drink. Don’t force food, but try tempting flavors (e.g., boiled chicken) if they show interest.
4. Keep them clean: Gently clean any messes from incontinence with warm water and pet-safe wipes to maintain dignity and prevent skin issues.
5. Monitor pain and behavior: Track symptoms (e.g., restlessness, vocalizing) and report to your vet for adjusted pain management. Stay calm, as dogs sense your emotions.
6. Provide emotional support: Spend quiet time with them, offering gentle petting or soothing words. Familiar voices and touch can ease anxiety. Be there for them. I remember lying down with Maximus and fighting to hold back a stream of tears. But as painful as it is, just be there for them.
7. Plan for end-of-life decisions: Discuss euthanasia with your vet if suffering becomes unmanageable. Consider quality of life using tools like the HHHHHMM scale (Hurt, Hunger, Hydration, Hygiene, Happiness, Mobility, More good days than bad).
8. Hygiene and mobility support: Use pet diapers or absorbent pads for incontinence. Assist with repositioning to prevent bedsores, but move gently to avoid pain.
9. Prepare emotionally: Acknowledge your grief and consider support resources, like pet loss hotlines (e.g., Tufts University Pet Loss Support: 508-839-7966 in the U.S.). Give yourself time to process everything. But keep moving. Keep doing. Each of us handles grief differently, and the circumstances surrounding it can be different in different situations. Also, be sure to consider the emotional needs of any other pets.

Losing a beloved dog is an incredibly painful experience, but recognizing the signs of their decline and providing compassionate care can make a profound difference in their final days. By staying attentive to their needs, consulting with a veterinarian, and offering comfort through a familiar and loving presence, you can help your canine companion pass with dignity and peace.

While the grief may feel overwhelming, know that you’re not alone—resources and support are available to guide you through this difficult time. Cherish the memories of your furry friend, like Maximus, and take solace in the love you shared, which will live on long after they’re gone.